Adverb (एडवर्ब) - क्रिया विशेषण
Adverbs are also categorised into several sub-categories depending on the nature of modification or description they provide to their parent words. Click here to read about the kind of adverbs.
एडवर्ब को उनके प्रकार के अनुसार अलग-अलग वर्गों में वर्गीकृत किया गया है. एडवर्ब के प्रकार के लिये यहाँ क्लिक करें
Care must be taken to decide where the adverb is placed in a sentence, as it can effect the meaning of the sentence. Click here for the discussion on how to use adverbs
वाक्य में Adverb का स्थान तय करते समय सावधानी रखनी जरूरी है, वाक्य का अर्थ पर इसका प्रभाव पड़ता है. एडवर्ब का उपयोग कैसे करना चाहिये.
In a sentence, the adverb is placed near the verb or adjective that it is describing. The meaning of the sentence is effected by the position of the adverb, for eg.
Adverb जिस शब्द की विशेषता का विवरण करता है और उस adverb को पास से पास रखना चाहिए क्योंकि वाक्य में adverb की स्थिति के अनुसार वाक्य के अर्थ में परिवर्तन हो जाता है, जैसे...
When describing an intransitive verb, the adverb is generally placed after the verb.
Intransitive verb की विशेषता प्रकट करने वाला adverb सामान्य रूप से उस verb के बाद आता है.
The adverbs of time like always, never, ever, often, seldom, sometimes and irregularly are placed before the verbs they modify.
Adverbs of time, जैसे always, never, ever, often, seldom, sometimes और irregularly उन verbs के पहले आता है जिनका वे अर्थ सुधारते हैं.
but, these adverbs are placed after the verb to be.
मगर, ये adverbs को to be verb के बाद प्रयुक्त किया जाता है.
When used describe a transitive verb, the adverb is used after that verb.
जब किसी transitive verb के बाद उसका कर्म हो तब adverb कर्म के पश्चात आता है.
When the verb has some auxiliary verb connected to it, then the adverb describing that verb is placed between the auxiliary and main verb.
जब किसी वाक्य में verb के साथ उसका कोई auxiliary verb जुड़ा हो तब उस verb की विशेषता बयान करने वाला adverb प्रायः auxiliary verb और main verb के बीच प्रयुक्त होता है.
Simple Adverbs (साधारण क्रियाविशेषण)
I have nearly reached home.
The soldiers fought bravely.
Simple adverbs are all those adverbs that just modify the targeted verb, adjective or adverb.
साधारण क्रियाविशेषण के अंतर्गत वे सभी क्रिया विशेषण आते हैं जो केवल अपने चिन्हित क्रिया, विशेषण या क्रियाविशेषण को modify करते हैं.
In comparison to the simple adverbs, we have interrogative adverbs and relative adverbs that do a little more than modifying some word.
साधारण क्रियाविशेषण के तुलना में हमारे पास होते हैं प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण और सम्बन्धवाचक क्रियाविशेषण
Interrogative Adverbs (प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
The adverbs that are used to ask a question are classified as interroative adverbs
जब किसी क्रिया-विशेषण का उपयोग प्रश्न पूछने के लिये जाता है, तो उसे प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण कहा जाता है.
Where are you going?
Why are you late for school?
Here the adverb performs and additional task of asking a question.
यहाँ पर क्रियाविशेषण ने प्रश्न पूछने का अतिरिक्त कार्य भी किया है.
Relative Adverbs (सम्बंधवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
Is this the place where you stayed?
Do you know why my friend was crying?
Please observe the use of the adverb where. This modifies the verb stayed, in connection to something mentioned previously.
कृपया क्रिया-विशेषण where के उपयोग पर नजर डालें. यह क्रिया stayed को वर्णित करता है और पुर्व में बताऐ गये किसी का सम्बंध को बताता है.
Forms of Adverbs (क्रियाविशेषण के रूप)
Let us see some different forms in which adverbs are deployed.
आइये देखते हैं कुछ अलग रूप जिनमें क्रियाविशेषण को प्रयुक्त करना जाहते हैं.
Some words are used in the same form as an adverb as their corresponding adjectives, i.e. some words can be used both as adverbs and as adjectives.
कुछ शब्दों ऐसे भी होते हैं जिन के जिस रूप को क्रियावशेषण की तरह प्रयुक्त करते हैं, उनके उसी रूप को विशेषण की तरह भी उपयोग में लाया जाता है.
We can decide what Part of Speech is being applied only by evaluating how the word is used.
कौन से शब्द-भेद का उपयोग किया गया है इसका पता तो वाक्य का विशलेषण करने पर ही पता चलता है.
Here the use of the word loud in both cases ie. with and without ly has the same meaning.
यहाँ loud के दोनों उपयोग - ly के साथ और बिना - से प्रकट होने वाला अर्थ एक ही है.
Sometimes the two forms of adverbs (with and with 'ly') have different meanings.
कभी-कभी ly के बिना या साथ वाले दोनो रूप वाले क्रियाविशेषण के अर्थ अलग होते हैं.
Take a look at the below examples...
निम्न उदाहरण पर गौर करें...
In these examples, it appears that the adverbs have been used like adjectives.
ऐसा प्रकट होता है जैसे की इन उदाहरणों में क्रियाविशेषण का उपयोग एक विशेषण की तरह किया गया है.
In the following sentences the is a demonstrative pronoun that is used as an adverb and is not a definite article.
निम्न वाक्यों में the का उपयोग संकेतवाचक सर्वनाम (demonstrative pronoun) की तरह किया गया है जो एक क्रियाविशेषण की भूमिका में है - ना की डेफिनिट आर्टिकल (definite article) की तरह.
This type of usage of the as an adverb is made only with some adjective or another adverb that is in the comparative degree.
केवल उत्तरावस्था स्तर के किसी अन्य विशेषण या दूसरे क्रियाविशेषण के साथ उपयोग करते समय the का क्रियाविशेषण के रूप में ऐसा उपयोग किया जा सकता है.
Position of Adverbs (क्रियाविशेषण का स्थान)
If an object is present, adverbs of manner, adverbs of time and adverbs of place are generally placed after it otherwise they are placed after the verb.
यदि वाक्य में कारक मौजूद है, तो adverb of manner, adverb of time और adverb of place उसके बाद रखा जाता है अन्यथा उस adverb को क्रिया के बाद रखा जाता है.
When 2 or more adverbs are used in together in the after position, their normal order is... (1) Adverb of manner, (2) Adverb of place, and (3) Adverb of time.
जब बाद में वाले दो या अधीक क्रियाविशेषण का उपयोग किया जाना होता है तब उनक साधारण क्रम होता है.... (1) Adverb of manner, (2) Adverb of place, और (3) Adverb of time.
The adverb of frequency is generally placed before the verb.
Adverb of frequency को साधारण तौर पर क्रिया के पहले रखा जाता है.
If the verb is of one word then this adverb is placed between the subject and the verb.
यदि क्रिया एक शब्द का है तब यह adverb कर्ता और क्रिया के बीच में रखा जाता है.
If the verb comprises of more than word then this adverb is placed after then first word of the verb group.
यदि क्रिया एक से अधीक शब्द का हो तब इस adverb को क्रिया के पहले शब्द के बाद रखा जाता है.
When the adverb has to be stressed, it is placed even before the auxilliary verb.
जब क्रियाविशेषण पर जोर प्रकट करना होता है, उसे सहयोगी क्रिया के भी पहले रखा जाता है.
When an adverb is used to modify another adverb, then it is placed before that other adverb.
जब कोई क्रियाविशेषण किसी अन्य क्रियाविशेषण को संशोधित करता है, तब उसे उस दूसरे क्रियाविशेषण के पहले रखा जाता है.
The word only should be placed immediately before the word it modifies.
only को साधारण तौर उस शब्द के तुरंत पहले रखा जाता है जिसे वह संशोधित करता है.
The word enough should be placed immediately after the word it modifies.
enough को साधारण तौर उस शब्द के बाद रखा जाता है जिसे वह संशोधित करता है.
Adverb शब्द-भेद की श्रेणी को कहते हैं जिनसे verb, adjective या अन्य adverb के अर्थ को सुधारते या उसकी विशेषता प्रकट करते हैं उनके बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी देते हैं.
Adverb is the part of speech that provide additional information about some verb, adjective or some other adverb.
जैसे adjective से किसी noun या pronoun के अर्थ में सुधार होता है, उसी तरह adverb से verb, adjective या किसी अन्य adverb के अर्थ में सुधार होता है.
Just like an adjective describes some noun or pronoun, an adverb describes some verb, adjective or some other adverb.
Adverb is the part of speech that provide additional information about some verb, adjective or some other adverb.
जैसे adjective से किसी noun या pronoun के अर्थ में सुधार होता है, उसी तरह adverb से verb, adjective या किसी अन्य adverb के अर्थ में सुधार होता है.
Just like an adjective describes some noun or pronoun, an adverb describes some verb, adjective or some other adverb.
| Adjective | is to | Noun Pronoun |
| Adverb | is to | Verb Adjective Adverb |
Raju runs quickly.
| यहां क्रिया run को वर्णित कर रहा है quickly. The adverb quickly is describing the verb run. |
This is a very sweet mango.
| sweet एक adjective है और very इस adjective के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी दे रहा है. Very is used to add additional information about the adjective sweet. |
Sahib reads quiteclearly.
| इस वाक्य में adverb clearly क्रिया reads को वर्णित करता है और adverb quite वर्णित करता है clearly को. The adverb clearly describes the verb read, while the adverb quite describes clearly.. |
वाक्यों के आरम्भ में प्रयुक्त adverb कभी-कभी किसी एक शब्द को modify न करके सम्पूर्ण वाक्य को modify करता है.
Adverbs used at the beginning of a sentence sometimes modify the meaning of the entire sentence.
Adverbs used at the beginning of a sentence sometimes modify the meaning of the entire sentence.
Adverbs are also categorised into several sub-categories depending on the nature of modification or description they provide to their parent words. Click here to read about the kind of adverbs.
एडवर्ब को उनके प्रकार के अनुसार अलग-अलग वर्गों में वर्गीकृत किया गया है. एडवर्ब के प्रकार के लिये यहाँ क्लिक करें
Care must be taken to decide where the adverb is placed in a sentence, as it can effect the meaning of the sentence. Click here for the discussion on how to use adverbs
वाक्य में Adverb का स्थान तय करते समय सावधानी रखनी जरूरी है, वाक्य का अर्थ पर इसका प्रभाव पड़ता है. एडवर्ब का उपयोग कैसे करना चाहिये.
Adverb को उपयोग कैसे करते हैं?
In a sentence, the adverb is placed near the verb or adjective that it is describing. The meaning of the sentence is effected by the position of the adverb, for eg.
Adverb जिस शब्द की विशेषता का विवरण करता है और उस adverb को पास से पास रखना चाहिए क्योंकि वाक्य में adverb की स्थिति के अनुसार वाक्य के अर्थ में परिवर्तन हो जाता है, जैसे...
| I have often thought of going to my grandparent's house. | यहाँ often का प्रयोग thought के साथ किया गया है. Often से पता चलता है कि मैं कितनी बार सोचता हूँ. |
| I have thought of going often to my grandparent's house. | यहाँ often का प्रयोग going के साथ किया गया है. यहाँ पर पता चलता है कि मैं कितनी बार जाना चाहता हूँ. |
Intransitive verb की विशेषता प्रकट करने वाला adverb सामान्य रूप से उस verb के बाद आता है.
| My friend lives here. |
| She speaks fluently. |
The adverbs of time like always, never, ever, often, seldom, sometimes and irregularly are placed before the verbs they modify.
Adverbs of time, जैसे always, never, ever, often, seldom, sometimes और irregularly उन verbs के पहले आता है जिनका वे अर्थ सुधारते हैं.
| I always go to school on time. |
| She never speaks a lie. |
but, these adverbs are placed after the verb to be.
मगर, ये adverbs को to be verb के बाद प्रयुक्त किया जाता है.
| He is always cheerful. |
When used describe a transitive verb, the adverb is used after that verb.
जब किसी transitive verb के बाद उसका कर्म हो तब adverb कर्म के पश्चात आता है.
| He performed his duty carefully. |
When the verb has some auxiliary verb connected to it, then the adverb describing that verb is placed between the auxiliary and main verb.
जब किसी वाक्य में verb के साथ उसका कोई auxiliary verb जुड़ा हो तब उस verb की विशेषता बयान करने वाला adverb प्रायः auxiliary verb और main verb के बीच प्रयुक्त होता है.
| I have always told him to work hard. |
| He does not know my address. |
Simple Adverbs (साधारण क्रियाविशेषण)
I have nearly reached home.
The soldiers fought bravely.
Simple adverbs are all those adverbs that just modify the targeted verb, adjective or adverb.
साधारण क्रियाविशेषण के अंतर्गत वे सभी क्रिया विशेषण आते हैं जो केवल अपने चिन्हित क्रिया, विशेषण या क्रियाविशेषण को modify करते हैं.
In comparison to the simple adverbs, we have interrogative adverbs and relative adverbs that do a little more than modifying some word.
साधारण क्रियाविशेषण के तुलना में हमारे पास होते हैं प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण और सम्बन्धवाचक क्रियाविशेषण
Interrogative Adverbs (प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
The adverbs that are used to ask a question are classified as interroative adverbs
जब किसी क्रिया-विशेषण का उपयोग प्रश्न पूछने के लिये जाता है, तो उसे प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण कहा जाता है.
Where are you going?
Why are you late for school?
Here the adverb performs and additional task of asking a question.
यहाँ पर क्रियाविशेषण ने प्रश्न पूछने का अतिरिक्त कार्य भी किया है.
Relative Adverbs (सम्बंधवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
Is this the place where you stayed?
Do you know why my friend was crying?
Please observe the use of the adverb where. This modifies the verb stayed, in connection to something mentioned previously.
कृपया क्रिया-विशेषण where के उपयोग पर नजर डालें. यह क्रिया stayed को वर्णित करता है और पुर्व में बताऐ गये किसी का सम्बंध को बताता है.
Forms of Adverbs (क्रियाविशेषण के रूप)
Let us see some different forms in which adverbs are deployed.
आइये देखते हैं कुछ अलग रूप जिनमें क्रियाविशेषण को प्रयुक्त करना जाहते हैं.
Adverb or Adjective
Some words are used in the same form as an adverb as their corresponding adjectives, i.e. some words can be used both as adverbs and as adjectives.
कुछ शब्दों ऐसे भी होते हैं जिन के जिस रूप को क्रियावशेषण की तरह प्रयुक्त करते हैं, उनके उसी रूप को विशेषण की तरह भी उपयोग में लाया जाता है.
We can decide what Part of Speech is being applied only by evaluating how the word is used.
कौन से शब्द-भेद का उपयोग किया गया है इसका पता तो वाक्य का विशलेषण करने पर ही पता चलता है.
| As Adverb | As Adjective | |
| 1. | He bowls fast. | He is a fast bowler. |
| 2. | Go back. | This is the back door of the house. |
| 3. | He worked hard to achieve his goal. | He is a hard worker. |
Forms with and without 'ly' - same meaning
| 1. | She talks loud. | She talks loudly. |
यहाँ loud के दोनों उपयोग - ly के साथ और बिना - से प्रकट होने वाला अर्थ एक ही है.
Forms with and without 'ly' - different meanings
Sometimes the two forms of adverbs (with and with 'ly') have different meanings.
कभी-कभी ly के बिना या साथ वाले दोनो रूप वाले क्रियाविशेषण के अर्थ अलग होते हैं.
| 1. | He works hard. | He hardly works. |
| hard - as diligently. | hardly - as very little. | |
| 2. | He has arrived late. | I have not seen him lately. |
| late - opposite of early. | lately - recently. |
Adverbs where missing verbs or adjectives are understood
Take a look at the below examples...
निम्न उदाहरण पर गौर करें...
| The usage | With the missing (understood) part | |
| 1. | A down train | A down-going train |
| 2. | The above fact | The above-mentioned fact |
ऐसा प्रकट होता है जैसे की इन उदाहरणों में क्रियाविशेषण का उपयोग एक विशेषण की तरह किया गया है.
the as an Adverb
In the following sentences the is a demonstrative pronoun that is used as an adverb and is not a definite article.
निम्न वाक्यों में the का उपयोग संकेतवाचक सर्वनाम (demonstrative pronoun) की तरह किया गया है जो एक क्रियाविशेषण की भूमिका में है - ना की डेफिनिट आर्टिकल (definite article) की तरह.
| The usage | Explanation | |
| 1. | The more the merrier | In both these the express the extent of quantity - If there is (how much) more it would be (that much) merrier. |
| 2. | The sooner the better. | Depending on (how much) soon, the action in consideration is completed, it would be (that much) better. |
केवल उत्तरावस्था स्तर के किसी अन्य विशेषण या दूसरे क्रियाविशेषण के साथ उपयोग करते समय the का क्रियाविशेषण के रूप में ऐसा उपयोग किया जा सकता है.
Position of Adverbs (क्रियाविशेषण का स्थान)
Adverbs that come after - क्रियाविशेषण जो बाद में आते हैं
If an object is present, adverbs of manner, adverbs of time and adverbs of place are generally placed after it otherwise they are placed after the verb.
यदि वाक्य में कारक मौजूद है, तो adverb of manner, adverb of time और adverb of place उसके बाद रखा जाता है अन्यथा उस adverb को क्रिया के बाद रखा जाता है.
| He dances well. She is sitting quietly. I looked everywhere for my friends. It is written on the wall. |
Order of multiple adverbs - एक से अधिक क्रियाविशेषण का क्रम
When 2 or more adverbs are used in together in the after position, their normal order is... (1) Adverb of manner, (2) Adverb of place, and (3) Adverb of time.
जब बाद में वाले दो या अधीक क्रियाविशेषण का उपयोग किया जाना होता है तब उनक साधारण क्रम होता है.... (1) Adverb of manner, (2) Adverb of place, और (3) Adverb of time.
| Ram will go there today evening. | Three adverbs are used here. |
| He performed sincerely in the concerttonight. | Three adverbs are used here, in the concert is used here as an adverb phrase. |
Adverbs that come before - क्रियाविशेषण जो पहले आते हैं
The adverb of frequency is generally placed before the verb.
Adverb of frequency को साधारण तौर पर क्रिया के पहले रखा जाता है.
| He rarely dances. I usually sleep by nine. She always comes to class on time. |
If the verb is of one word then this adverb is placed between the subject and the verb.
यदि क्रिया एक शब्द का है तब यह adverb कर्ता और क्रिया के बीच में रखा जाता है.
If the verb comprises of more than word then this adverb is placed after then first word of the verb group.
यदि क्रिया एक से अधीक शब्द का हो तब इस adverb को क्रिया के पहले शब्द के बाद रखा जाता है.
| He is rarely seen at the parties. He was always going to school by bus. She is never late for school. |
When the adverb has to be stressed, it is placed even before the auxilliary verb.
जब क्रियाविशेषण पर जोर प्रकट करना होता है, उसे सहयोगी क्रिया के भी पहले रखा जाता है.
Adverb that modifies another adverb - क्रियाविशेषण जो किसी अन्य क्रियाविशेषण को संशोधित करता है
When an adverb is used to modify another adverb, then it is placed before that other adverb.
जब कोई क्रियाविशेषण किसी अन्य क्रियाविशेषण को संशोधित करता है, तब उसे उस दूसरे क्रियाविशेषण के पहले रखा जाता है.
| The house is very nice. |
| Do not speak so fast. |
General rule for the word - only - क्रियाविशेषण only के लिये साधारण नियम
The word only should be placed immediately before the word it modifies.
only को साधारण तौर उस शब्द के तुरंत पहले रखा जाता है जिसे वह संशोधित करता है.
| I studied only at nights. | He has worked only for three hours. |
| I only studied at nights. | He has only worked for three hours. |
General rule for the word - enough - क्रियाविशेषण enough के लिये साधारण नियम
The word enough should be placed immediately after the word it modifies.
enough को साधारण तौर उस शब्द के बाद रखा जाता है जिसे वह संशोधित करता है.
| Work fast enough to complete the work on time. |
| Practise enough to master the new art. |
| Please make sure the box is big enough. |
Adverb (एडवर्ब) - क्रिया विशेषण
![Adverb (एडवर्ब) - क्रिया विशेषण]()
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Excellent write up . Really enjoyed going through it. I really appreciated to you on the quality work on article 4 Types of Sentences . Nice post!! these tips will help me in future.
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